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When Bratton was promoted to NYPD commissioner by Mayor Rudy Giuliani in 1994, he took Maple with him as his deputy commissioner. “My whole career,” he would later write, was about “making it to the top.” Like Maple, he saw the crime charts as the way to get there, and he gave the then-transit lieutenant 100 cops to implement them throughout the “caves.” According to the magazine Government Technology, they quickly reduced robberies and felonies in the subways by about one-third. The results Maple reported were remarkable, but they went unheralded until Bill Bratton, formerly transportation police head in Boston, was hired as NYPD transit commissioner in 1990. They moved from simply reacting to crime to anticipating it. Instead of blindly making patrols through the subway, police could station themselves at hotspots-”putting cops on the dots,” as Maple would say. “I always felt I belonged there,” he told New York magazine for a 1983 profile.Īs he chased after pickpockets and purse thieves in the 1970s and early ’80s, he began to develop what he called “Charts of the Future”: 55 feet of maps of the city plastered over his office walls, with color-coded pins marking the date and time of each crime reported. Officers on other beats looked down on the so-called “cave cops,” but Maple made up for his low status by living beyond his means, frequently donning a Homburg hat and wing-tip shoes to get a drink at the Plaza Hotel’s Oak Bar. Jack Maple, a subway cop who’d joined the force at age 18, was not a computer geek. And the only way to do that is to go back to the beginning, to when CompStat was just a couple pins on a map. In a time when police tactics are coming under intense scrutiny, when people across the country are calling for comprehensive reform or even total abolition, CompStat-one of the most influential innovations in modern policing-deserves a hard look. Still others question whether CompStat can really take credit for the massive decrease in crime it supposedly precipitated. Others say the system has led to widespread manipulation of crime statistics. Some, like the captain’s union, claim it encourages racial profiling, blaming it for the outgrowth of stop-and-frisk under Mayor Michael Bloomberg.
In its short life, the NYPD’s technological golden child has garnered as much criticism as it has praise, with opponents in and outside the force.
Simply put, the NYPD MUST find another way.” Compstat has always been used as a means of embarrassing and coercing commanders into more proactive policing. “This inherently creates tensions between black and brown communities and the police.
“I believe Compstat to be the primary driving force in undermining police/community relations,” wrote union president Chris Monahan in a letter to Mayor Bill de Blasio and Police Commissioner Dermot Shea. By bringing crime-fighting into the age of big data, CompStat led a global revolution in policing, homegrown in New York City.īut 25 years after Anemone’s laudatory speech-June 24, 2020, to be exact-the NYPD captain’s union was singing a different tune.
Most major cities in America have adopted forms of the system, and so have many world capitals. Giving officers rapidly-updating maps of crime all over the city, the system was “a shot of adrenaline to the organization of the NYPD,” the officer stressed, “right to the heart.” Previous decades had seen a tremendous rise in crime, but with the advent of CompStat, as it was called, the police said they were finally able to flatten the curve.ĬompStat not only won the competition it went on to become the new gold standard for measuring and combating crime. “It’s revolutionizing the way the NYPD polices the city of New York,” Anemone told the judges. Louis Anemone and John Yohe were representing the department as a finalist in the Kennedy School’s Innovations in American Government competition, and their excitement about the force’s new, computerized crime-fighting system was palpable. One day in 1995, two officers from the New York Police Department walked up to a podium at Harvard University’s Ash Center. Bill Bratton (left), Bill de Blasio (second from left) and others after an active shooter training exercise in 2015.